Chris,
I know Madison, and so I can describe Mpls in terms of similarities. For your needs, location and price range, your best bet is the West Calhoun./ Linden Hills area. You'll get a great, safe, neighborhood for the price, and can walk/bike etc. It would be like Madison's West High/Edgewood/Monroe Street area.
Nokomis has a mix of homes, some are very nice, but there is significant airport noise, and I would compare it more to the Williamson Street area. And it would not be an easy commute to Golden Valley,
If you're looking for something like Shorewood Hills, check out Cedar/Isles, Kenwood areas, but you'll pay more. "Old" Edina is nice but you'll pay a premium to be in that school district.
Golden Valley is going to be more ike the area between Hilldale and West Towne Mall.
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